Merge bdc5a7e4d7 into 36345f3efb

.gitignore

@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 
 ignore/
-gridfinity-rebuilt.json
-gridfinity-rebuilt-bins.json
 stl/
 batch/
 site/
-*.json
+/*.json
+
+# From https://github.com/github/gitignore/blob/main/Python.gitignore
+# Byte-compiled / optimized / DLL files
+__pycache__/
+*.py[cod]
+*$py.class

generic-helpers.scad

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 
 function clp(x,a,b) = min(max(x,a),b);
 
+function is_even(number) = (number%2)==0;
+
 module rounded_rectangle(length, width, height, rad) {
     linear_extrude(height)
     offset(rad)

gridfinity-rebuilt-bins.scad

@@ -72,17 +72,30 @@ style_tab = 1; //[0:Full,1:Auto,2:Left,3:Center,4:Right,5:None]
 style_lip = 0; //[0: Regular lip, 1:remove lip subtractively, 2: remove lip and retain height]
 // scoop weight percentage. 0 disables scoop, 1 is regular scoop. Any real number will scale the scoop.
 scoop = 1; //[0:0.1:1]
-// only cut magnet/screw holes at the corners of the bin to save uneccesary print time
-only_corners = false;
 
 /* [Base] */
-style_hole = 4; // [0:no holes, 1:magnet holes only, 2: magnet and screw holes - no printable slit, 3: magnet and screw holes - printable slit, 4: Gridfinity Refined hole - no glue needed]
 // number of divisions per 1 unit of base along the X axis. (default 1, only use integers. 0 means automatically guess the right division)
 div_base_x = 0;
 // number of divisions per 1 unit of base along the Y axis. (default 1, only use integers. 0 means automatically guess the right division)
 div_base_y = 0;
 
+/* [Base Hole Options] */
+// only cut magnet/screw holes at the corners of the bin to save uneccesary print time
+only_corners = false;
+//Use gridfinity refined hole style. Not compatible with magnet_holes!
+refined_hole = true;
+// Base will have holes for 6mm Diameter x 2mm high magnets.
+magnet_holes = false;
+// Base will have holes for M3 screws.
+screw_holes = false;
+// Magnet holes will have crush ribs to hold the magnet.
+crush_ribs = true;
+// Magnet holes will have a chamfer to ease insertion.
+chamfer_magnet_holes = true;
+// Screw holes and magnet holes will be printed so supports are not needed.
+printable_hole_top = true;
 
+hole_options = bundle_hole_options(refined_hole, magnet_holes, screw_holes, crush_ribs, chamfer_magnet_holes, printable_hole_top);
 
 // ===== IMPLEMENTATION ===== //
 
@@ -98,7 +111,7 @@ gridfinityInit(gridx, gridy, height(gridz, gridz_define, style_lip, enable_zsnap
         cutCylinders(n_divx=cdivx, n_divy=cdivy, cylinder_diameter=cd, cylinder_height=ch, coutout_depth=c_depth, orientation=c_orientation, chamfer=c_chamfer);
     }
 }
-gridfinityBase(gridx, gridy, l_grid, div_base_x, div_base_y, style_hole, only_corners=only_corners);
+gridfinityBase(gridx, gridy, l_grid, div_base_x, div_base_y, hole_options, only_corners=only_corners);
 }
 
 

gridfinity-rebuilt-holes.scad

@@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
+/**
+ * @file gridfinity-rebuilt-holes.scad
+ * @brief Functions to create different types of holes in an object.
+ */
+
+include <standard.scad>
+use <generic-helpers.scad>
+
+/**
+ * @brief Wave generation function for wrapping a circle.
+ * @param t An angle of the circle.  Between 0 and 360 degrees.
+ * @param count The number of **full** waves in a 360 degree circle.
+ * @param range **Half** the difference between minimum and maximum values.
+ * @param vertical_offset A simple offset.
+ * @details
+ *    If plotted on an x/y graph this produces a standard sin wave.
+ *    Range only seems weird because it describes half a wave.
+ *    Mapped by doing [sin(t), cost(t)] * wave_function(...).
+ *    When wrapping a circle:
+ *      Final Outer radius is (wave_vertical_offset + wave_range).
+ *      Final Inner radius is (wave_vertical_offset - wave_range).
+ */
+function wave_function(t, count, range, vertical_offset) =
+    (sin(t * count) * range) + vertical_offset;
+
+/**
+ * @brief A circle with crush ribs to give a tighter press fit.
+ * @details Extrude and use as a negative modifier.
+ *          Idea based on Slant3D's video at 5:20 https://youtu.be/Bd7Yyn61XWQ?t=320
+ *          Implementaiton is completely different.
+ *          Important: Lower ribs numbers just result in a deformed circle.
+ * @param outer_radius Final outer radius.
+ * @param inner_radius Final inner radius.
+ * @param ribs Number of crush ribs the circle has.
+**/
+module ribbed_circle(outer_radius, inner_radius, ribs) {
+    assert(outer_radius > 0, "outer_radius must be positive");
+    assert(inner_radius > 0, "inner_radius must be positive");
+    assert(ribs > 0, "ribs must be positive");
+    assert(outer_radius > inner_radius, "outer_radius must be larger than inner_radius");
+
+    wave_range = (outer_radius - inner_radius) / 2;
+    wave_vertical_offset = inner_radius + wave_range;
+
+    // Circe with a wave wrapped around it
+    wrapped_circle = [ for (i = [0:360])
+        [sin(i), cos(i)] * wave_function(i, ribs, wave_range, wave_vertical_offset)
+    ];
+
+    polygon(wrapped_circle);
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief A cylinder with crush ribs to give a tighter press fit.
+ * @details To be used as the negative for a hole.
+ * @see ribbed_circle
+ * @param outer_radius Outer Radius of the crush ribs.
+ * @param inner_radius Inner Radius of the crush ribs.
+ * @param height Cylinder's height.
+ * @param ribs Number of crush ribs.
+ */
+module ribbed_cylinder(outer_radius, inner_radius, height, ribs) {
+    assert(height > 0, "height must be positive");
+    linear_extrude(height)
+    ribbed_circle(
+        outer_radius,
+        inner_radius,
+        ribs
+    );
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Make a hole printable without suports.
+ * @see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W8FbHTcB05w
+ * @param inner_radius Radius of the inner hole.
+ * @param outer_radius Radius of the outer hole.
+ * @param outer_height Height of the outer hole.
+ * @param layers Number of layers to make printable.
+ * @details This is the negative designed to be cut out of the magnet hole.
+ *          Use it with `difference()`.
+ *          Special handling is done to support a single layer,
+ *          and because the last layer (unless there is only one) has a different shape.
+ */
+module make_hole_printable(inner_radius, outer_radius, outer_height, layers=2) {
+    assert(inner_radius > 0, "inner_radius must be positive");
+    assert(outer_radius > 0, "outer_radius must be positive");
+    assert(layers > 0);
+
+    tollerance = 0.01;  // Ensure everything is fully removed.
+    height_adjustment = outer_height - (layers * LAYER_HEIGHT);
+
+    // Needed, since the last layer should not be used for calculations,
+    // unless there is a single layer.
+    calculation_layers = max(layers-1, 1);
+
+    cube_height = LAYER_HEIGHT + 2*tollerance;
+    inner_diameter = 2*(inner_radius+tollerance);
+    outer_diameter = 2*(outer_radius+tollerance);
+    per_layer_difference = (outer_diameter-inner_diameter) / calculation_layers;
+
+    initial_matrix = affine_translate([0, 0, cube_height/2-tollerance + height_adjustment]);
+
+    // Produces data in the form [affine_matrix, [cube_dimensions]]
+    // If layers > 1, the last item produced has an invalid "affine_matrix.y", because it is beyond calculation_layers.
+    // That is handled in a special case to avoid doing a check every loop.
+    cutout_information = [
+        for(i=0; i <= layers; i=i+1)
+        [
+            initial_matrix * affine_translate([0, 0, (i-1)*LAYER_HEIGHT]) *
+                affine_rotate([0, 0, is_even(i) ? 90 : 0]),
+            [outer_diameter-per_layer_difference*(i-1),
+                outer_diameter-per_layer_difference*i,
+                cube_height]
+        ]
+    ];
+
+    difference() {
+        translate([0, 0, layers*cube_height/2 + height_adjustment])
+        cube([outer_diameter+tollerance, outer_diameter+tollerance, layers*cube_height], center = true);
+
+        for (i = [1 : calculation_layers]){
+            data = cutout_information[i];
+            multmatrix(data[0])
+            cube(data[1], center = true);
+        }
+        if(layers > 1) {
+            data = cutout_information[len(cutout_information)-1];
+            multmatrix(data[0])
+            cube([data[1].x, data[1].x, data[1].z], center = true);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+* @brief Refined hole based on Printables @grizzie17's Gridfinity Refined
+* @details Magnet is pushed in from +X direction, and held in by friction.
+*          Small slit on the bottom allows removing the magnet.
+* @see https://www.printables.com/model/413761-gridfinity-refined
+*/
+module refined_hole() {
+    refined_offset = LAYER_HEIGHT * REFINED_HOLE_BOTTOM_LAYERS;
+
+    // Poke through - For removing a magnet using a toothpick
+    ptl = refined_offset + LAYER_HEIGHT; // Additional layer just in case
+    poke_through_height = REFINED_HOLE_HEIGHT + ptl;
+    poke_hole_radius = 2.5;
+    magic_constant = 5.60;
+    poke_hole_center = [-12.53 + magic_constant, 0, -ptl];
+
+    translate([0, 0, refined_offset])
+    union() {
+        // Magnet hole
+        translate([0, -REFINED_HOLE_RADIUS, 0])
+        cube([11, REFINED_HOLE_RADIUS*2, REFINED_HOLE_HEIGHT]);
+        cylinder(REFINED_HOLE_HEIGHT, r=REFINED_HOLE_RADIUS);
+
+        // Poke hole
+        translate([poke_hole_center.x, -poke_hole_radius/2, poke_hole_center.z])
+        cube([10 - magic_constant, poke_hole_radius, poke_through_height]);
+        translate(poke_hole_center)
+        cylinder(poke_through_height, d=poke_hole_radius);
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Create a cone given a radius and an angle.
+ * @param bottom_radius Radius of the bottom of the cone.
+ * @param angle Angle as measured from the bottom of the cone.
+ * @param max_height Optional maximum height.  Cone will be cut off if higher.
+ */
+module cone(bottom_radius, angle, max_height=0) {
+    assert(bottom_radius > 0);
+    assert(angle > 0 && angle <= 90);
+    assert(max_height >=0);
+
+    height = tan(angle) * bottom_radius;
+    if(max_height == 0 || height < max_height) {
+        // Normal Cone
+        cylinder(h = height, r1 = bottom_radius, r2 = 0, center = false);
+    } else {
+        top_angle = 90 - angle;
+        top_radius = bottom_radius - tan(top_angle) * max_height;
+        cylinder(h = max_height, r1 = bottom_radius, r2 = top_radius, center = false);
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Create an options list used to configure bin holes.
+ * @param refined_hole Use gridfinity refined hole type.  Not compatible with "magnet_hole".
+ * @param magnet_hole Create a hole for a 6mm magnet.
+ * @param screw_hole Create a hole for a M3 screw.
+ * @param crush_ribs If the magnet hole should have crush ribs for a press fit.
+ * @param chamfer Add a chamfer to the magnet hole.
+ * @param supportless If the magnet hole should be printed in such a way that the screw hole does not require supports.
+ */
+function bundle_hole_options(refined_hole=true, magnet_hole=false, screw_hole=false, crush_ribs=false, chamfer=false, supportless=false) =
+    [refined_hole, magnet_hole, screw_hole, crush_ribs, chamfer, supportless];
+
+/**
+ * @brief A single magnet/screw hole.  To be cut out of the base.
+ * @details Supports multiple options that can be mixed and matched.
+ * @pram hole_options @see bundle_hole_options
+ * @param o Offset
+ */
+module block_base_hole(hole_options, o=0) {
+    // Destructure the options
+    refined_hole = hole_options[0];
+    magnet_hole = hole_options[1];
+    screw_hole = hole_options[2];
+    crush_ribs = hole_options[3];
+    chamfer = hole_options[4];
+    supportless = hole_options[5];
+
+    // Validate said options
+    if(refined_hole) {
+        assert(!magnet_hole, "magnet_hole is not compatible with refined_hole");
+    }
+
+    screw_radius = SCREW_HOLE_RADIUS - (o/2);
+    magnet_radius = MAGNET_HOLE_RADIUS - (o/2);
+    magnet_inner_radius = MAGNET_HOLE_CRUSH_RIB_INNER_RADIUS - (o/2);
+    screw_depth = h_base-o;
+    // If using supportless / printable mode, need to add additional layers, so they can be removed later.
+    supportless_additional_layers = screw_hole ? 2 : 3;
+    magnet_depth = MAGNET_HOLE_DEPTH - o +
+        (supportless ? supportless_additional_layers*LAYER_HEIGHT : 0);
+
+    union() {
+        if(refined_hole) {
+            refined_hole();
+        }
+
+        if(magnet_hole) {
+            difference() {
+                if(crush_ribs) {
+                    ribbed_cylinder(magnet_radius, magnet_inner_radius, magnet_depth, MAGNET_HOLE_CRUSH_RIB_COUNT);
+                } else {
+                    cylinder(h = magnet_depth, r=magnet_radius);
+                }
+
+                if(supportless) {
+                    make_hole_printable(
+                    screw_hole ? screw_radius : 1, magnet_radius, magnet_depth, supportless_additional_layers);
+                }
+            }
+
+            if(chamfer) {
+                 cone(magnet_radius + MAGNET_HOLE_CHAMFER_ADDITIONAL_RADIUS, MAGNET_HOLE_CHAMFER_ANGLE, magnet_depth);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if(screw_hole) {
+            difference() {
+                cylinder(h = screw_depth, r = screw_radius);
+                if(supportless) {
+                    rotate([0, 0, 90])
+                    make_hole_printable(0.5, screw_radius, screw_depth, 3);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+//$fa = 8;
+//$fs = 0.25;
+
+if(!is_undef(test_options)){
+    block_base_hole(test_options);
+}
+
+//block_base_hole(bundle_hole_options(
+//    refined_hole=false,
+//    magnet_hole=true,
+//    screw_hole=true,
+//    supportless=true,
+//    crush_ribs=false,
+//    chamfer=false
+//));
+//make_hole_printable(1, 3, 0);

gridfinity-rebuilt-utility.scad

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 include <standard.scad>
 use <generic-helpers.scad>
+use <gridfinity-rebuilt-holes.scad>
 
 // ===== User Modules ===== //
 
@@ -209,7 +210,7 @@ module profile_base() {
     ]);
 }
 
-module gridfinityBase(gx, gy, l, dx, dy, style_hole, off=0, final_cut=true, only_corners=false) {
+module gridfinityBase(gx, gy, l, dx, dy, hole_options, off=0, final_cut=true, only_corners=false) {
     dbnxt = [for (i=[1:5]) if (abs(gx*i)%1 < 0.001 || abs(gx*i)%1 > 0.999) i];
     dbnyt = [for (i=[1:5]) if (abs(gy*i)%1 < 0.001 || abs(gy*i)%1 > 0.999) i];
     dbnx = 1/(dx==0 ? len(dbnxt) > 0 ? dbnxt[0] : 1 : round(dx));
@@ -226,61 +227,49 @@ module gridfinityBase(gx, gy, l, dx, dy, style_hole, off=0, final_cut=true, only
         translate([0,0,-1])
         rounded_rectangle(xx+0.005, yy+0.005, h_base+h_bot/2*10, r_fo1+0.001);
 
-        if((style_hole != 0) && (only_corners)) {
+        if(only_corners) {
             difference(){
                 pattern_linear(gx/dbnx, gy/dbny, dbnx*l, dbny*l)
                 block_base(gx, gy, l, dbnx, dbny, 0, off);
-                if (style_hole == 4) {
-                    translate([(gx/2)*l_grid - d_hole_from_side, (gy/2) * l_grid - d_hole_from_side, h_slit*2])
-                    refined_hole();
-                    mirror([1, 0, 0])
-                    translate([(gx/2)*l_grid - d_hole_from_side, (gy/2) * l_grid - d_hole_from_side, h_slit*2])
-                    refined_hole();
-                    mirror([0, 1, 0]) {
-                        translate([(gx/2)*l_grid - d_hole_from_side, (gy/2) * l_grid - d_hole_from_side, h_slit*2])
-                        refined_hole();
-                        mirror([1, 0, 0])
-                        translate([(gx/2)*l_grid - d_hole_from_side, (gy/2) * l_grid - d_hole_from_side, h_slit*2])
-                        refined_hole();
+
+                copy_mirror([0, 1, 0]) {
+                    copy_mirror([1, 0, 0]) {
+                        translate([
+                            (gx/2)*l_grid - d_hole_from_side,
+                            (gy/2) * l_grid - d_hole_from_side,
+                            0
+                        ])
+                        block_base_hole(hole_options, off);
                     }
                 }
-                else {
-                    pattern_linear(2, 2, (gx-1)*l_grid+d_hole, (gy-1)*l_grid+d_hole)
-                    block_base_hole(style_hole, off);
-                }
             }
         }
         else {
             pattern_linear(gx/dbnx, gy/dbny, dbnx*l, dbny*l)
-            block_base(gx, gy, l, dbnx, dbny, style_hole, off);
+            block_base(gx, gy, l, dbnx, dbny, hole_options, off);
         }
     }
 }
 
 /**
- * @brief A single Gridfinity base.
+ * @brief A single Gridfinity base.  With holes (if set).
  * @param gx
  * @param gy
  * @param l
  * @param dbnx
  * @param dbny
- * @param style_hole
+ * @param hole_options @see block_base_hole.hole_options
  * @param off
  */
-module block_base(gx, gy, l, dbnx, dbny, style_hole, off) {
+module block_base(gx, gy, l, dbnx, dbny, hole_options, off) {
     render(convexity = 2)
     difference() {
         block_base_solid(dbnx, dbny, l, off);
 
-        if (style_hole > 0)
-            pattern_circular(abs(l-d_hole_from_side/2)<0.001?1:4)
-            if (style_hole == 4)
-                translate([l/2-d_hole_from_side, l/2-d_hole_from_side, h_slit*2])
-                refined_hole();
-            else
-                translate([l/2-d_hole_from_side, l/2-d_hole_from_side, 0])
-                block_base_hole(style_hole, off);
-        }
+        pattern_circular(abs(l-d_hole_from_side/2)<0.001?1:4)
+        translate([l/2-d_hole_from_side, l/2-d_hole_from_side, 0])
+        block_base_hole(hole_options, off);
+    }
 }
 
 /**
@@ -311,56 +300,6 @@ module block_base_solid(dbnx, dbny, l, o) {
     }
 }
 
-module block_base_hole(style_hole, o=0) {
-    r1 = r_hole1-o/2;
-    r2 = r_hole2-o/2;
-    union() {
-        difference() {
-            cylinder(h = 2*(h_hole-o+(style_hole==3?h_slit:0)), r=r2, center=true);
-
-            if (style_hole==3)
-            copy_mirror([0,1,0])
-            translate([-1.5*r2,r1+0.1,h_hole-o])
-            cube([r2*3,r2*3, 10]);
-        }
-        if (style_hole > 1)
-        cylinder(h = 2*h_base-o, r = r1, center=true);
-    }
-}
-
-
-module refined_hole() {
-    /**
-    * Refined hole based on Printables @grizzie17's Gridfinity Refined
-    * https://www.printables.com/model/413761-gridfinity-refined
-    */
-
-    // Meassured magnet hole diameter to be 5.86mm (meassured in fusion360
-    r = r_hole2-0.32;
-
-    // Magnet height
-    m = 2;
-    mh = m-0.1;
-
-    // Poke through - For removing a magnet using a toothpick
-    ptl = h_slit*3; // Poke Through Layers
-    pth = mh+ptl; // Poke Through Height
-    ptr = 2.5; // Poke Through Radius
-
-    union() {
-        hull() {
-            // Magnet hole - smaller than the magnet to keep it squeezed
-            translate([10, -r, 0]) cube([1, r*2, mh]);
-            cylinder(1.9, r=r);
-        }
-        hull() {
-            // Poke hole
-            translate([-9+5.60, -ptr/2, -ptl]) cube([1, ptr, pth]);
-            translate([-12.53+5.60, 0, -ptl]) cylinder(pth, d=ptr);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 /**
  * @brief Stacking lip based on https://gridfinity.xyz/specification/
  * @details Also includes a support base.

standard.scad

@@ -21,18 +21,39 @@ l_grid = 42;
 // Per spec, matches radius of upper base section.
 r_base = r_fo1;
 
-// screw hole radius
-r_hole1 = 1.5;
-// magnet hole radius
-r_hole2 = 3.25;
+// ****************************************
+// Magnet / Screw Hole Constants
+// ****************************************
+LAYER_HEIGHT = 0.2;
+MAGNET_HEIGHT = 2;
+
+SCREW_HOLE_RADIUS = 3 / 2;
+MAGNET_HOLE_RADIUS = 6.5 / 2;
+MAGNET_HOLE_DEPTH = MAGNET_HEIGHT + (LAYER_HEIGHT * 2);
+
 // center-to-center distance between holes
 d_hole = 26;
 // distance of hole from side of bin
 d_hole_from_side=8;
-// magnet hole depth
-h_hole = 2.4;
-// slit depth (printer layer height)
-h_slit = 0.2;
+
+// Meassured diameter in Fusion360.
+// Smaller than the magnet to keep it squeezed.
+REFINED_HOLE_RADIUS = 5.86 / 2;
+REFINED_HOLE_HEIGHT = MAGNET_HEIGHT - 0.1;
+// How many layers are between a Gridfinity Refined Hole and the bottom
+REFINED_HOLE_BOTTOM_LAYERS = 2;
+
+// Experimentally chosen for a press fit.
+MAGNET_HOLE_CRUSH_RIB_INNER_RADIUS = 5.9 / 2;
+// Mostly arbitrarily chosen.
+// 30 ribs does not print with a 0.4mm nozzle.
+// Anything 5 or under produces a hole that is not round.
+MAGNET_HOLE_CRUSH_RIB_COUNT = 8;
+
+MAGNET_HOLE_CHAMFER_ADDITIONAL_RADIUS = 0.8;
+MAGNET_HOLE_CHAMFER_ANGLE = 45;
+
+// ****************************************
 
 // top edge fillet radius
 r_f1 = 0.6;

tests/gridfinity-rebuilt-bins.json

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+{
+    "fileFormatVersion": "1",
+    "parameterSets": {
+        "Default": {
+            "$fa": "8",
+            "$fs": "0.25",
+            "c_chamfer": "0.5",
+            "c_depth": "1",
+            "c_orientation": "2",
+            "cd": "10",
+            "cdivx": "0",
+            "cdivy": "0",
+            "ch": "1",
+            "chamfer_magnet_holes": "true",
+            "crush_ribs": "true",
+            "div_base_x": "0",
+            "div_base_y": "0",
+            "divx": "0",
+            "divy": "0",
+            "enable_zsnap": "false",
+            "gridx": "1",
+            "gridy": "1",
+            "gridz": "6",
+            "gridz_define": "0",
+            "height_internal": "0",
+            "magnet_holes": "false",
+            "only_corners": "false",
+            "printable_hole_top": "true",
+            "refined_hole": "true",
+            "scoop": "0",
+            "screw_holes": "false",
+            "style_lip": "0",
+            "style_tab": "1"
+        }
+    }
+}

tests/openscad_runner.py

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+"""
+Helpful classes for running OpenScad from Python.
+@Copyright Arthur Moore 2024 MIT License
+"""
+
+import json
+import subprocess
+from dataclasses import dataclass, is_dataclass, asdict
+from pathlib import Path
+from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
+from typing import NamedTuple, Optional
+
+class DataClassJSONEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
+    '''Allow json serialization'''
+    def default(self, o):
+        if is_dataclass(o):
+            return asdict(o)
+        # Let the base class default method raise the TypeError
+        return super().default(o)
+
+class Vec3(NamedTuple):
+    '''Simple 3d Vector (x, y, z)'''
+    x: float
+    y: float
+    z: float
+
+@dataclass
+class CameraArguments:
+    """
+    Controls the camera position when outputting to png format.
+    @see `openscad -h`.
+    """
+    translate: Vec3
+    rotate: Vec3
+    distance: float
+
+    def as_argument(self):
+        return '--camera=' \
+        f'{",".join(map(str,self.translate))},{",".join(map(str,self.rotate))},{self.distance}'
+
+@dataclass(kw_only=True, frozen=True)
+class ParameterFile:
+    parameterSets: dict[str, dict]
+    fileFormatVersion: int = 1
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_json(cls, *pargs, **nargs):
+        """
+        Wrapper for `json.loads`, with some post-processing.
+        The Customizer saves everything as strings. --Arthur 2024-04-28
+        """
+        nargs["object_pairs_hook"] = cls.object_pairs_hook
+        file = ParameterFile(**json.loads(*pargs, **nargs))
+        assert(file.fileFormatVersion == 1)
+        return file
+
+    @classmethod
+    def object_pairs_hook(self, pairs: list[tuple]):
+        '''Fixes customizer turning everything into strings'''
+        output = dict(pairs)
+        for (key, value) in output.items():
+            if(type(value) == str):
+                if(value == "true"):
+                    output[key] = True
+                    continue
+                if(value == "false"):
+                    output[key] = False
+                    continue
+                try:
+                    output[key] = float(value)
+                except ValueError:
+                    pass
+        return output
+
+def set_variable_argument(var: str, val: str) -> [str, str]:
+    """
+    Allows setting a variable to a particular value.
+    @warning value **can** be a function, but this is called for every file, so may generate 'undefined' warnings.
+    """
+    return ['-D', f'{var}={str(val)}']
+
+class OpenScadRunner:
+    '''Helper to run the openscad binary'''
+    scad_file_path: Path
+    openscad_binary_path: Path
+    image_folder_base: Path
+    parameters: Optional[dict]
+    '''If set, a temporary parameter file is created, and used with these variables'''
+
+    WINDOWS_DEFAULT_PATH = 'C:\\Program Files\\OpenSCAD\\openscad.exe'
+    TOP_ANGLE_CAMERA = CameraArguments(Vec3(0,0,0),Vec3(45,0,45),50)
+
+    common_arguments = [
+        #'--hardwarnings', // Does not work when setting variables by using functions
+        '--enable=fast-csg',
+        '--enable=predictible-output',
+        '--imgsize=1280,720',
+        '--view=axes',
+        '--projection=ortho',
+        #"--summary", "all",
+        #"--summary-file", "-"
+        ] + \
+        set_variable_argument('$fa', 8) + set_variable_argument('$fs', 0.25)
+
+    def __init__(self, file_path: Path):
+        self.openscad_binary_path = self.WINDOWS_DEFAULT_PATH
+        self.scad_file_path = file_path
+        self.image_folder_base = Path('.')
+        self.parameters = None
+
+    def create_image(self, camera_args: CameraArguments, args: [str], image_file_name: str):
+        """
+        Run the code, to create an image.
+        @Important The only verification is that no errors occured.
+                   There is no verification if the image was created, or the image contents.
+        """
+        assert(self.scad_file_path.exists())
+        assert(self.image_folder_base.exists())
+
+        image_path = self.image_folder_base.joinpath(image_file_name)
+        command_arguments = self.common_arguments + \
+            [camera_args.as_argument()] + args + \
+            ["-o", str(image_path), str(self.scad_file_path)]
+        #print(command_arguments)
+
+        if self.parameters != None:
+            params = ParameterFile(parameterSets={"python_generated": self.parameters})
+            with NamedTemporaryFile(prefix="gridfinity-rebuilt-", suffix=".json", mode='wt',delete_on_close=False) as file:
+                json.dump(params, file, sort_keys=True, indent=2, cls=DataClassJSONEncoder)
+                file.close()
+                command_arguments += ["-p", file.name, "-P", "python_generated"]
+                return subprocess.run([self.openscad_binary_path]+command_arguments, check=True)
+        else:
+            return subprocess.run([self.openscad_binary_path]+command_arguments, check=True)

tests/test_bins.py

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+"""
+Tests for gridfinity-rebuilt-bins.scad
+@Copyright Arthur Moore 2024 MIT License
+"""
+
+import dataclasses
+import json
+import unittest
+from pathlib import Path
+from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
+
+from openscad_runner import *
+
+class TestBinHoles(unittest.TestCase):
+    """
+    Test how a single base looks with holes cut out.
+
+    Currently only makes sure code runs, and outputs pictures for manual verification.
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        parameter_file_path = Path("gridfinity-rebuilt-bins.json")
+        parameter_file_data = ParameterFile.from_json(parameter_file_path.read_text())
+        cls.default_parameters = parameter_file_data.parameterSets["Default"]
+        cls.camera_args = CameraArguments(Vec3(0,0,0),Vec3(225,0,225),150)
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.scad_runner = OpenScadRunner(Path('../gridfinity-rebuilt-bins.scad'))
+        self.scad_runner.image_folder_base = Path('../images/base_hole_options/')
+        self.scad_runner.parameters = self.default_parameters.copy()
+
+    def test_no_holes(self):
+        vars = self.scad_runner.parameters
+        vars["refined_hole"] = False
+        vars["magnet_hole"] = False
+        vars["screw_hole"] = False
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.camera_args, [], Path('no_holes.png'))
+
+    def test_refined_holes(self):
+        vars = self.scad_runner.parameters
+        vars["refined_hole"] = True
+        vars["magnet_hole"] = False
+        vars["screw_hole"] = False
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.camera_args, [], Path('refined_holes.png'))
+
+    def test_refined_and_screw_holes(self):
+        vars = self.scad_runner.parameters
+        vars["refined_hole"] = True
+        vars["magnet_hole"] = False
+        vars["screw_hole"] = True
+        vars["printable_hole_top"] = False
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.camera_args, [], Path('refined_and_screw_holes.png'))
+
+    def test_screw_holes_plain(self):
+        vars = self.scad_runner.parameters
+        vars["refined_hole"] = False
+        vars["magnet_hole"] = False
+        vars["screw_hole"] = True
+        vars["printable_hole_top"] = False
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.camera_args, [], Path('screw_holes_plain.png'))
+
+    def test_screw_holes_printable(self):
+        vars = self.scad_runner.parameters
+        vars["refined_hole"] = False
+        vars["magnet_hole"] = False
+        vars["screw_hole"] = True
+        vars["printable_hole_top"] = True
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.camera_args, [], Path('screw_holes_printable.png'))
+
+    def test_magnet_holes_plain(self):
+        vars = self.scad_runner.parameters
+        vars["refined_hole"] = False
+        vars["magnet_hole"] = True
+        vars["screw_hole"] = False
+        vars["crush_ribs"] = False
+        vars["chamfer_magnet_holes"] = False
+        vars["printable_hole_top"] = False
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.camera_args, [], Path('magnet_holes_plain.png'))
+
+    def test_magnet_holes_chamfered(self):
+        vars = self.scad_runner.parameters
+        vars["refined_hole"] = False
+        vars["magnet_hole"] = True
+        vars["screw_hole"] = False
+        vars["crush_ribs"] = False
+        vars["chamfer_magnet_holes"] = True
+        vars["printable_hole_top"] = False
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.camera_args, [], Path('magnet_holes_chamfered.png'))
+
+    def test_magnet_holes_printable(self):
+        vars = self.scad_runner.parameters
+        vars["refined_hole"] = False
+        vars["magnet_hole"] = True
+        vars["screw_hole"] = False
+        vars["crush_ribs"] = False
+        vars["chamfer_magnet_holes"] = False
+        vars["printable_hole_top"] = True
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.camera_args, [], Path('magnet_holes_printable.png'))
+
+    def test_magnet_holes_with_crush_ribs(self):
+        vars = self.scad_runner.parameters
+        vars["refined_hole"] = False
+        vars["magnet_hole"] = True
+        vars["screw_hole"] = False
+        vars["crush_ribs"] = True
+        vars["chamfer_magnet_holes"] = False
+        vars["printable_hole_top"] = False
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.camera_args, [], Path('magnet_holes_with_crush_ribs.png'))
+
+    def test_magnet_and_screw_holes_plain(self):
+        vars = self.scad_runner.parameters
+        vars["refined_hole"] = False
+        vars["magnet_hole"] = True
+        vars["screw_hole"] = True
+        vars["crush_ribs"] = False
+        vars["chamfer_magnet_holes"] = False
+        vars["printable_hole_top"] = False
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.camera_args, [], Path('magnet_and_screw_holes_plain.png'))
+
+    def test_magnet_and_screw_holes_printable(self):
+        vars = self.scad_runner.parameters
+        vars["refined_hole"] = False
+        vars["magnet_hole"] = True
+        vars["screw_hole"] = True
+        vars["crush_ribs"] = False
+        vars["chamfer_magnet_holes"] = False
+        vars["printable_hole_top"] = True
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.camera_args, [], Path('magnet_and_screw_holes_printable.png'))
+
+    def test_magnet_and_screw_holes_all(self):
+        vars = self.scad_runner.parameters
+        vars["refined_hole"] = False
+        vars["magnet_hole"] = True
+        vars["screw_hole"] = True
+        vars["crush_ribs"] = True
+        vars["chamfer_magnet_holes"] = True
+        vars["printable_hole_top"] = True
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.camera_args, [], Path('magnet_and_screw_holes_all.png'))
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    unittest.main()

tests/test_holes.py

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+"""
+Tests for gridfinity-rebuilt-holes.scad
+@Copyright Arthur Moore 2024 MIT License
+"""
+
+from pathlib import Path
+from openscad_runner import *
+import unittest
+
+
+class TestHoleCutouts(unittest.TestCase):
+    """
+    Test Hole Cutouts.  The negatives used with `difference()` to create a hole.
+
+    Currently only makes sure code runs, and outputs pictures for manual verification.
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        cls.scad_runner = OpenScadRunner(Path('../gridfinity-rebuilt-holes.scad'))
+        cls.scad_runner.image_folder_base = Path('../images/hole_cutouts/')
+
+    def test_refined_hole(self):
+        """
+            refined_hole() is special, since top_angle_camera is not appropriate for it.
+        """
+        camera_args = CameraArguments(Vec3(0,0,0),Vec3(225,0,225),50)
+        test_args = set_variable_argument('test_options',
+            'bundle_hole_options(refined_hole=true, magnet_hole=false, screw_hole=false, crush_ribs=false, chamfer=false, supportless=false)')
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(camera_args, test_args, Path('refined_hole.png'))
+
+    def test_plain_magnet_hole(self):
+        test_args = set_variable_argument('test_options',
+            'bundle_hole_options(refined_hole=false, magnet_hole=true, screw_hole=false, crush_ribs=false, chamfer=false, supportless=false)')
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.scad_runner.TOP_ANGLE_CAMERA,
+            test_args, Path('magnet_hole.png'))
+
+    def test_plain_screw_hole(self):
+        test_args = set_variable_argument('test_options',
+            'bundle_hole_options(refined_hole=false, magnet_hole=false, screw_hole=true, crush_ribs=false, chamfer=false, supportless=false)')
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.scad_runner.TOP_ANGLE_CAMERA,
+            test_args, Path('screw_hole.png'))
+
+    def test_magnet_and_screw_hole(self):
+        test_args = set_variable_argument('test_options',
+            'bundle_hole_options(refined_hole=false, magnet_hole=true, screw_hole=true, crush_ribs=false, chamfer=false, supportless=false)')
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.scad_runner.TOP_ANGLE_CAMERA,
+            test_args, Path('magnet_and_screw_hole.png'))
+
+    def test_chamfered_magnet_hole(self):
+        test_args = set_variable_argument('test_options',
+            'bundle_hole_options(refined_hole=false, magnet_hole=true, screw_hole=false, crush_ribs=false, chamfer=true, supportless=false)')
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.scad_runner.TOP_ANGLE_CAMERA,
+            test_args, Path('chamfered_magnet_hole.png'))
+
+    def test_magnet_hole_crush_ribs(self):
+        test_args = set_variable_argument('test_options',
+            'bundle_hole_options(refined_hole=false, magnet_hole=true, screw_hole=false, crush_ribs=true, chamfer=false, supportless=false)')
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.scad_runner.TOP_ANGLE_CAMERA,
+            test_args, Path('magnet_hole_crush_ribs.png'))
+
+    def test_magnet_hole_supportless(self):
+        test_args = set_variable_argument('test_options',
+            'bundle_hole_options(refined_hole=false, magnet_hole=true, screw_hole=false, crush_ribs=false, chamfer=false, supportless=true)')
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.scad_runner.TOP_ANGLE_CAMERA,
+            test_args, Path('magnet_hole_supportless.png'))
+
+    def test_magnet_and_screw_hole_supportless(self):
+        test_args = set_variable_argument('test_options',
+            'bundle_hole_options(refined_hole=false, magnet_hole=true, screw_hole=true, crush_ribs=false, chamfer=false, supportless=true)')
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.scad_runner.TOP_ANGLE_CAMERA,
+            test_args, Path('magnet_and_screw_hole_supportless.png'))
+
+    def test_all_hole_options(self):
+        test_args = set_variable_argument('test_options',
+            'bundle_hole_options(refined_hole=false, magnet_hole=true, screw_hole=true, crush_ribs=true, chamfer=true, supportless=true)')
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.scad_runner.TOP_ANGLE_CAMERA,
+            test_args, Path('all_hole_options.png'))
+
+    def test_no_hole(self):
+        test_args = set_variable_argument('test_options',
+            'bundle_hole_options(refined_hole=false, magnet_hole=false, screw_hole=false, crush_ribs=true, chamfer=true, supportless=true)')
+        self.scad_runner.create_image(self.scad_runner.TOP_ANGLE_CAMERA,
+            test_args, Path('no_hole.png'))
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    unittest.main()