8.1 KiB
Vagrant
Assuming you have Vagrant 2.0+ installed with virtualbox, libvirt/qemu or vmware, but is untested) you should be able to launch a 3 node Kubernetes cluster by simply running vagrant up. This will spin up 3 VMs and install kubernetes on them. Once they are completed you can connect to any of them by running vagrant ssh k8s-[1..3].
To give an estimate of the expected duration of a provisioning run: On a dual core i5-6300u laptop with an SSD, provisioning takes around 13 to 15 minutes, once the container images and other files are cached. Note that libvirt/qemu is recommended over virtualbox as it is quite a bit faster, especially during boot-up time.
For proper performance a minimum of 12GB RAM is recommended. It is possible to run a 3 node cluster on a laptop with 8GB of RAM using the default Vagrantfile, provided you have 8GB zram swap configured and not much more than a browser and a mail client running. If you decide to run on such a machine, then also make sure that any tmpfs devices, that are mounted, are mostly empty and disable any swapfiles mounted on HDD/SSD or you will be in for some serious swap-madness. Things can get a bit sluggish during provisioning, but when that's done, the system will actually be able to perform quite well.
Customize Vagrant
You can override the default settings in the Vagrantfile either by directly modifying the Vagrantfile or through an override file. In the same directory as the Vagrantfile, create a folder called vagrant and create config.rb file in it. An example of how to configure this file is given below.
Use alternative OS for Vagrant
By default, Vagrant uses Ubuntu 18.04 box to provision a local cluster. You may use an alternative supported operating system for your local cluster.
Customize $os variable in Vagrantfile or as override, e.g.,:
echo '$os = "flatcar-stable"' >> vagrant/config.rb
The supported operating systems for vagrant are defined in the SUPPORTED_OS constant in the Vagrantfile.
File and image caching
Kubespray can take quite a while to start on a laptop. To improve provisioning speed, the variable 'download_run_once' is set. This will make kubespray download all files and containers just once and then redistributes them to the other nodes and as a bonus, also cache all downloads locally and re-use them on the next provisioning run. For more information on download settings see download documentation.
Example use of Vagrant
The following is an example of setting up and running kubespray using vagrant. For repeated runs, you could save the script to a file in the root of the kubespray and run it by executing 'source <name_of_the_file>.
# use virtualenv to install all python requirements
VENVDIR=venv
virtualenv --python=/usr/bin/python3.7 $VENVDIR
source $VENVDIR/bin/activate
pip install -r requirements.txt
# prepare an inventory to test with
INV=inventory/my_lab
rm -rf ${INV}.bak &> /dev/null
mv ${INV} ${INV}.bak &> /dev/null
cp -a inventory/sample ${INV}
rm -f ${INV}/hosts.ini
# customize the vagrant environment
mkdir vagrant
cat << EOF > vagrant/config.rb
\$instance_name_prefix = "kub"
\$vm_cpus = 1
\$num_instances = 3
\$os = "centos-bento"
\$subnet = "10.0.20"
\$network_plugin = "flannel"
\$inventory = "$INV"
\$shared_folders = { 'temp/docker_rpms' => "/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/docker-ce/packages" }
EOF
# make the rpm cache
mkdir -p temp/docker_rpms
vagrant up
# make a copy of the downloaded docker rpm, to speed up the next provisioning run
scp kub-1:/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/docker-ce/packages/* temp/docker_rpms/
# copy kubectl access configuration in place
mkdir $HOME/.kube/ &> /dev/null
ln -s $PWD/$INV/artifacts/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
# make the kubectl binary available
sudo ln -s $PWD/$INV/artifacts/kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl
#or
export PATH=$PATH:$PWD/$INV/artifacts
If a vagrant run failed and you've made some changes to fix the issue causing the fail, here is how you would re-run ansible:
ansible-playbook -vvv -i .vagrant/provisioners/ansible/inventory/vagrant_ansible_inventory cluster.yml
If all went well, you check if it's all working as expected:
kubectl get nodes
The output should look like this:
$ kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
kub-1 Ready control-plane,master 4m37s v1.22.5
kub-2 Ready control-plane,master 4m7s v1.22.5
kub-3 Ready <none> 3m7s v1.22.5
Another nice test is the following:
kubectl get pods --all-namespaces -o wide
Which should yield something like the following:
$ kubectl get pods --all-namespaces -o wide
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
kube-system coredns-8474476ff8-m2469 1/1 Running 0 2m45s 10.233.65.2 kub-2 <none> <none>
kube-system coredns-8474476ff8-v5wzj 1/1 Running 0 2m41s 10.233.64.3 kub-1 <none> <none>
kube-system dns-autoscaler-5ffdc7f89d-76tnv 1/1 Running 0 2m43s 10.233.64.2 kub-1 <none> <none>
kube-system kube-apiserver-kub-1 1/1 Running 1 4m54s 10.0.20.101 kub-1 <none> <none>
kube-system kube-apiserver-kub-2 1/1 Running 1 4m33s 10.0.20.102 kub-2 <none> <none>
kube-system kube-controller-manager-kub-1 1/1 Running 1 5m1s 10.0.20.101 kub-1 <none> <none>
kube-system kube-controller-manager-kub-2 1/1 Running 1 4m33s 10.0.20.102 kub-2 <none> <none>
kube-system kube-flannel-9xgf5 1/1 Running 0 3m10s 10.0.20.102 kub-2 <none> <none>
kube-system kube-flannel-l8jbl 1/1 Running 0 3m10s 10.0.20.101 kub-1 <none> <none>
kube-system kube-flannel-zss4t 1/1 Running 0 3m10s 10.0.20.103 kub-3 <none> <none>
kube-system kube-multus-ds-amd64-bhpc9 1/1 Running 0 3m2s 10.0.20.103 kub-3 <none> <none>
kube-system kube-multus-ds-amd64-n6vl8 1/1 Running 0 3m2s 10.0.20.102 kub-2 <none> <none>
kube-system kube-multus-ds-amd64-qttgs 1/1 Running 0 3m2s 10.0.20.101 kub-1 <none> <none>
kube-system kube-proxy-2x4jl 1/1 Running 0 3m33s 10.0.20.101 kub-1 <none> <none>
kube-system kube-proxy-d48r7 1/1 Running 0 3m33s 10.0.20.103 kub-3 <none> <none>
kube-system kube-proxy-f45lp 1/1 Running 0 3m33s 10.0.20.102 kub-2 <none> <none>
kube-system kube-scheduler-kub-1 1/1 Running 1 4m54s 10.0.20.101 kub-1 <none> <none>
kube-system kube-scheduler-kub-2 1/1 Running 1 4m33s 10.0.20.102 kub-2 <none> <none>
kube-system nginx-proxy-kub-3 1/1 Running 0 3m33s 10.0.20.103 kub-3 <none> <none>
kube-system nodelocaldns-cg9tz 1/1 Running 0 2m41s 10.0.20.102 kub-2 <none> <none>
kube-system nodelocaldns-htswt 1/1 Running 0 2m41s 10.0.20.103 kub-3 <none> <none>
kube-system nodelocaldns-nsp7s 1/1 Running 0 2m41s 10.0.20.101 kub-1 <none> <none>
local-path-storage local-path-provisioner-66df45bfdd-km4zg 1/1 Running 0 2m54s 10.233.66.2 kub-3 <none> <none>